A cat cold can absolutely cause rejecting food, as nasal congestion and loss of smell make eating unappealing. Since cats rely heavily on their sense of smell to eat, even a mild upper respiratory infection can lead to appetite loss. Prompt care, hydration, and vet guidance are essential to prevent complications like dehydration or hepatic lipidosis.
Key Takeaways
- Nasal congestion blocks smell: Cats depend on scent to eat—when their nose is stuffy, food seems bland or odorless, leading to rejection.
- Appetite loss is common with colds: Up to 80% of cats with upper respiratory infections show reduced or no interest in food.
- Dehydration is a serious risk: Not eating often means not drinking, which can quickly lead to dehydration in cats.
- Hepatic lipidosis can develop fast: If a cat stops eating for more than 2–3 days, fat builds up in the liver, which can be life-threatening.
- Warming food helps stimulate appetite: Heating wet food slightly releases aromas, making it more appealing to a congested cat.
- Vet care is crucial if symptoms persist: If your cat refuses food for over 48 hours, has trouble breathing, or seems weak, seek veterinary help immediately.
- Prevention includes vaccination and hygiene: Keeping up with FVRCP vaccines and minimizing stress reduces the risk of cat colds.
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Can a Cat Cold Cause Rejecting Food?
If your usually food-obsessed feline suddenly turns up their nose at dinner—even their favorite tuna—don’t panic just yet. But do pay attention. One of the most common reasons cats stop eating isn’t behavioral or picky eating—it’s illness, and specifically, a cat cold.
Yes, a cat cold can absolutely cause rejecting food. In fact, it’s one of the top signs that your kitty might be under the weather. Unlike humans, who might power through a stuffy nose with a bowl of soup, cats are far more sensitive to changes in their ability to smell. And since their appetite is closely tied to scent, even a mild upper respiratory infection can turn them off food completely.
You might notice your cat sniffing their food bowl, walking away, or just sitting nearby looking uninterested. They may still drink a little water, but meals are ignored. This isn’t stubbornness—it’s biology. When a cat’s nasal passages are congested, their sense of smell is dulled or blocked. Food that once smelled delicious now seems like bland mush. And for a creature that relies on scent to decide what’s safe and tasty to eat, that’s a dealbreaker.
But here’s the catch: while a temporary loss of appetite during a cold is normal, it can quickly become dangerous. Cats aren’t built to go without food for long. Their bodies start breaking down fat for energy, which can overwhelm the liver and lead to a serious condition called hepatic lipidosis (fatty liver disease). This can happen in as little as 48 to 72 hours.
So while it’s understandable that a stuffy nose makes eating unappealing, it’s crucial to monitor your cat closely and take steps to encourage eating and drinking. The good news? Most cat colds are mild and resolve within 7 to 10 days. But during that time, your support can make all the difference in keeping your kitty healthy and comfortable.
Why Do Cats Lose Their Appetite During a Cold?
Visual guide about Can a Cat Cold Cause Rejecting Food
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To understand why a cat cold causes rejecting food, we need to look at how cats experience hunger. Unlike dogs or humans, cats are obligate carnivores—meaning their bodies are designed to thrive on meat. And part of that design includes a highly sensitive olfactory system. In fact, cats have about 200 million scent receptors in their noses, compared to just 5 million in humans. That’s why a whiff of tuna can send them running from across the house.
When a cat catches a cold—technically called an upper respiratory infection (URI)—the lining of their nasal passages becomes inflamed and swollen. Mucus builds up, blocking airflow and trapping scent molecules. This congestion doesn’t just make breathing harder; it essentially “turns off” their sense of smell.
Imagine trying to enjoy your favorite meal while having a severe stuffy nose. You can’t taste the spices, the herbs, or even the richness of the sauce. Everything tastes flat. That’s exactly what your cat is experiencing. Even if the food is perfectly fresh and nutritious, it smells like nothing. And if it doesn’t smell good, your cat won’t eat it.
But it’s not just about smell. A cat cold often comes with other symptoms that reduce appetite:
- Fever: Elevated body temperature can suppress hunger.
- Lethargy: Feeling tired and weak makes eating feel like too much effort.
- Sneezing and coughing: These can be uncomfortable and distracting during meals.
- Eye discharge: Crusty eyes can make a cat feel unwell and less interested in food.
- General malaise: Just like people, cats feel “blah” when they’re sick.
All these factors combine to create a perfect storm for appetite loss. And because cats don’t have the same “eat to feel better” instinct that humans do, they may simply stop eating altogether—even if they’re hungry.
The Role of Smell in Feline Appetite
Let’s dive a little deeper into why smell is so critical for cats. When a cat sniffs food, scent molecules travel up the nasal cavity and bind to receptors in the olfactory epithelium. This sends signals to the brain’s olfactory bulb, which then communicates with areas responsible for hunger, memory, and emotion.
In short, smelling food tells the cat: “This is safe. This is tasty. This is worth eating.” Without that signal, the brain doesn’t register hunger the same way. It’s not that the cat isn’t hungry—it’s that their brain isn’t getting the message that food is available.
This is why even high-value treats like chicken or fish might be ignored during a cold. The aroma is blocked, so the treat loses its appeal. Some cats may even paw at their food or sniff it repeatedly before walking away, frustrated.
How Long Can a Cat Safely Go Without Eating?
This is where things get serious. While a healthy adult cat can survive for a few days without food, the risk of complications rises quickly. Most veterinarians agree that a cat should not go more than 48 to 72 hours without eating. After that, the liver begins to break down fat stores for energy. But in cats, this process can become toxic.
Hepatic lipidosis occurs when fat accumulates in the liver cells, impairing liver function. It’s painful, life-threatening, and can develop rapidly—sometimes within a week of not eating. Early signs include jaundice (yellowing of the eyes or gums), vomiting, and extreme lethargy.
That’s why it’s so important to monitor your cat’s eating habits during a cold. Even if they’re drinking water, not eating for more than two days is a red flag.
Common Symptoms of a Cat Cold
Recognizing a cat cold early can help you respond quickly and prevent complications like food rejection from worsening. While symptoms can vary in severity, most cat colds share a few hallmark signs.
Nasal and Eye Discharge
One of the most obvious signs is discharge from the nose or eyes. It may start as clear and watery but can become thick, yellow, or green as the infection progresses. You might notice your cat sneezing frequently or pawing at their face to clear mucus.
Eye discharge can cause the eyelids to stick together, especially after sleep. Gently wiping with a warm, damp cloth can help, but avoid using human eye drops unless prescribed by a vet.
Sneezing and Coughing
Sneezing is common and often the first sign of a URI. It’s the body’s way of trying to clear irritants from the nasal passages. While occasional sneezing is normal, frequent or violent sneezing—especially with discharge—suggests a cold.
Coughing is less common but can occur if the infection spreads to the lower airways. If your cat is coughing persistently or seems to be gagging, it’s time to call the vet.
Lethargy and Hiding
Sick cats often become withdrawn. They may sleep more, avoid interaction, or hide under furniture. This is a natural survival instinct—rest helps the immune system fight infection.
While some quiet time is normal, extreme lethargy—where your cat doesn’t respond to stimuli or can’t stand up easily—is a medical emergency.
Fever
A cat’s normal body temperature ranges from 100.5°F to 102.5°F. A fever above 103°F indicates infection. You might notice warm ears, paws, or a dry nose, but the only accurate way to check is with a rectal thermometer.
Fever can suppress appetite and make your cat feel miserable. If your cat feels hot to the touch or is shivering, contact your vet.
Loss of Appetite and Weight Loss
As we’ve discussed, rejecting food is a common symptom. You may notice your cat leaving food in the bowl, showing no interest in treats, or even avoiding the food area altogether.
Weight loss can happen quickly. A 10-pound cat can lose half a pound in just a few days without eating. Regularly weighing your cat (using a baby scale or vet scale) can help track changes.
Difficulty Breathing
In severe cases, nasal congestion can make breathing difficult. You might hear wheezing, see your cat breathing with their mouth open, or notice flared nostrils. This is a sign of respiratory distress and requires immediate veterinary attention.
How to Help a Cat with a Cold Eat Again
If your cat is rejecting food due to a cold, don’t wait and hope they’ll get better on their own. There are several practical steps you can take to stimulate their appetite and keep them nourished.
Warm the Food
Heat is your best friend when it comes to encouraging a sick cat to eat. Warming wet food to body temperature (around 98–100°F) releases aromatic compounds, making the food smell stronger and more appealing.
Simply place the food in a bowl and microwave it for 5–10 seconds—just enough to take the chill off. Never overheat, as hot spots can burn your cat’s mouth. Stir well and test the temperature on your wrist before serving.
You can also add a little warm water or low-sodium chicken broth (make sure it’s onion- and garlic-free) to enhance the aroma.
Offer Strong-Smelling Foods
When smell is compromised, you need to go big on scent. Try offering:
- Canned tuna in water (not oil or brine)
- Smelly fish like mackerel or sardines
- Chicken baby food (check the label—no onion or garlic)
- High-quality wet food with gravy or broth
- Freeze-dried raw treats rehydrated with warm water
Avoid dry kibble, as it has little aroma and can be hard to chew if your cat has mouth sores (which sometimes accompany URIs).
Hand-Feed or Use a Syringe
Some cats will eat if food is offered directly. Try placing a small amount on your finger or a spoon and letting them lick it off. For very reluctant eaters, your vet may recommend syringe-feeding a liquid diet like Hill’s Prescription Diet a/d or Royal Canin Recovery.
Never force-feed unless instructed by a vet, as it can cause stress or aspiration (food entering the lungs).
Encourage Hydration
Dehydration is a major risk when cats stop eating. Make sure fresh water is always available. Some cats prefer running water, so a pet fountain can help. You can also offer:
- Water from a can of tuna (diluted)
- Low-sodium chicken broth
- Ice cubes made from broth (for playful cats)
If your cat isn’t drinking, your vet may administer subcutaneous fluids (under the skin) to prevent dehydration.
Create a Comfortable Eating Environment
Stress can worsen appetite loss. Make mealtime calm and inviting:
- Feed in a quiet, warm room
- Use a shallow bowl to avoid whisker fatigue
- Sit nearby and offer gentle encouragement
- Avoid loud noises or other pets during meals
Some cats eat better when alone, so observe your cat’s preferences.
Use Appetite Stimulants (Only with Vet Approval)
In severe cases, your vet may prescribe appetite stimulants like mirtazapine. This medication comes in a topical gel that’s applied to the ear and can significantly increase hunger. Never use human medications like Benadryl without veterinary guidance—they can be toxic to cats.
When to See a Veterinarian
While most cat colds are mild and self-limiting, there are times when veterinary care is essential. Don’t wait too long—early intervention can prevent serious complications.
Seek Immediate Care If:
- Your cat hasn’t eaten for more than 48 hours
- They’re vomiting or have diarrhea
- They’re breathing with their mouth open or seem to be struggling
- They’re extremely lethargic or unresponsive
- You notice yellow or green discharge from the eyes or nose
- They have a fever (over 103°F)
- They’re drooling or pawing at their mouth (signs of mouth ulcers)
Schedule a Vet Visit If:
- Symptoms last longer than 10 days
- The cold seems to be getting worse instead of better
- Your cat is a kitten, senior, or has underlying health issues (like diabetes or kidney disease)
- You’re unsure whether it’s a cold or something more serious (like feline herpesvirus or calicivirus)
Your vet may perform a physical exam, take nasal or eye swabs, or run blood tests to rule out other conditions. Treatment may include antibiotics (if a bacterial infection is present), antiviral medications, eye drops, or nebulization therapy.
Preventing Cat Colds and Appetite Loss
The best way to avoid food rejection due to a cold is to prevent the cold in the first place. While not all URIs can be avoided, there are several proactive steps you can take.
Keep Up with Vaccinations
The FVRCP vaccine protects against three major causes of cat colds: feline viral rhinotracheitis (herpesvirus), calicivirus, and panleukopenia. Kittens need a series of shots, and adult cats require boosters every 1–3 years.
While the vaccine doesn’t prevent all colds, it significantly reduces severity and duration.
Minimize Stress
Stress weakens the immune system, making cats more susceptible to infections. Common stressors include:
- Moving to a new home
- Introducing a new pet or baby
- Loud noises (fireworks, construction)
- Changes in routine
Provide safe spaces, vertical perches, and consistent feeding times to help your cat feel secure.
Maintain Good Hygiene
Clean food and water bowls daily. Wash bedding weekly. If you have multiple cats, isolate sick ones to prevent spread.
Avoid exposing your cat to crowded or unsanitary environments, like poorly managed shelters or boarding facilities.
Boost Immune Health
A balanced diet rich in protein and essential nutrients supports a strong immune system. Consider supplements like L-lysine (for herpesvirus) or omega-3 fatty acids, but only under veterinary guidance.
Conclusion
So, can a cat cold cause rejecting food? Absolutely. Nasal congestion, loss of smell, fever, and general malaise all contribute to appetite loss in sick cats. While it’s a common and often temporary issue, it’s not something to ignore. Because cats can develop serious complications like dehydration and hepatic lipidosis in just a few days without food, prompt action is crucial.
The good news is that most cat colds are manageable with supportive care. Warming food, offering strong-smelling options, encouraging hydration, and creating a calm environment can go a long way in helping your cat eat again. But if symptoms persist or worsen, don’t hesitate to seek veterinary help.
Remember, your cat relies on you to notice when something’s off. That sudden disinterest in dinner might be more than a phase—it could be a sign they need your help. By staying informed and proactive, you can help your feline friend recover quickly and safely, getting back to their favorite pastime: eating.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can a cat cold cause rejecting food even if they’re drinking water?
Yes, it’s possible. A cat may still drink water during a cold but refuse food because their sense of smell is blocked. However, continued drinking is a good sign—it helps prevent dehydration.
How long can a cat go without eating during a cold?
Most cats should not go more than 48 to 72 hours without eating. After that, the risk of hepatic lipidosis increases significantly, especially in overweight cats.
Should I force-feed my cat if they’re not eating?
No, never force-feed without veterinary guidance. It can cause stress or aspiration. Instead, try warming food, offering smelly options, or ask your vet about syringe-feeding a liquid diet.
Can I use human cold medicine for my cat?
No. Human medications like acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or decongestants can be toxic to cats. Always consult your vet before giving any medication.
Will my cat’s appetite return after the cold clears up?
Yes, in most cases. Once nasal congestion improves and their sense of smell returns, appetite usually follows within a day or two.
Can indoor cats get colds?
Yes. Indoor cats can catch viruses from other pets, humans carrying pathogens on clothes, or through air circulation. Stress and poor ventilation can also increase risk.